Brick masonry is a construction technique that involves laying bricks in a systematic pattern, bound together with mortar to create walls, buildings, or other structures. It is one of the most traditional and durable methods of building, known for its strength, fire resistance, and aesthetic appeal. Brick masonry can be done using different types of bricks (clay, concrete, etc.) and mortars, depending on the project’s requirements. It also involves various bond patterns, such as running bond or herringbone, which add both structural integrity and visual interest.
Brick masonry is about putting bricks together with mortar to make strong structures. The bricks are laid out in a pattern called a bond. This method is used in many buildings dating back to ancient civilization, from Egypt’s pyramids to Europe’s palaces.
Types of Brick Masonry
Brick masonry covers a wide range of techniques and materials. From ancient mud brick to modern concrete brick. The staining process and the mixes created different shades, usage, and even purpose. For the two main types of what bricks are made of, these are;
Mud Brick Masonry
Mud brick has been used for centuries. It’s made from clay, sand, and water. It’s a natural, eco-friendly option.
Mud bricks are good at keeping buildings cool. But, they can weather easily and need more care than other bricks. Historic buildings and repairs sometimes employ mud brick based to preserve the historical feature of the building.
In landscaping and hardscape, mud bricks are popular due to their natural unifying look to the outdoor space. Most often it is on pavers, low garden wall, and even on outdoor fire pit structures.
Cement Brick Masonry
Cement bricks popularly known as “concrete bricks” are a favorite for today’s builders. They mix cement, sand, and aggregates. These bricks are strong, fire-resistant, and easy to look after.
Here are some of the best applications in both residential and commercial settings:
| Application | Description |
| Foundations | Concrete bricks are commonly used for building strong and durable foundations, providing stability for homes. |
| Basements | Ideal for basement walls, concrete bricks offer moisture resistance and structural integrity, making them suitable for below-ground construction. |
| Exterior Walls | They are often used for exterior walls due to their durability, insulation properties, and ability to withstand weather elements. |
| Fireplaces and Chimneys | Concrete bricks are heat-resistant, making them a safe choice for constructing fireplaces and chimneys. |
| Retaining Walls | In landscaping, concrete brick masonry is effective for creating retaining walls that prevent soil erosion and manage elevation changes. |
| Patios and Walkways | Concrete bricks can be used as pavers for outdoor patios, walkways, and driveways, providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing surface. |
Commonly Used Bricks in Construction
There are plenty of bricks used in modern construction today. Here are some of the most commonly used.
| Type of Brick | Description | Material Type |
| Engineering Bricks | Engineering bricks are known for their high strength, low water absorption, and durability. They are often used in structural applications and for damp-proof courses. | Cement-based brick |
| Concrete Bricks | Concrete bricks are made from a mixture of cement, sand, and aggregates. They are strong, versatile, and commonly used for walls, foundations, and pavements. | Cement-based brick |
| Fly Ash Bricks | Fly ash bricks are made from fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, mixed with water and a binding agent. They are lightweight, eco-friendly, and have good insulation properties. | Cement-based brick |
| Burnt Clay Bricks | Burnt clay bricks are made from clay that is molded and then fired in a kiln. They are traditional bricks with good thermal properties and are widely used in residential construction. | Mud clay brick |
| Sand Lime Bricks | Sand lime bricks, also known as calcium silicate bricks, are made from a mixture of sand, lime, and water, which is then cured under pressure. They are known for their strength and aesthetic appeal. | Cement-based brick |
FAQ
What are the three types of masonry?
The three main types of masonry are:
Brick Masonry: Involves the use of bricks as the primary building material, known for its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Stone Masonry: Utilizes natural stones, offering strength and a unique appearance, often used in high-end construction and landscaping.
Concrete Masonry: Involves the use of concrete blocks or bricks, providing strength, fire resistance, and versatility in various construction applications.
What are the disadvantages of brick masonry?
Brick masonry is costly, heavy, labor-intensive, and requires skilled masons for proper installation. It provides limited insulation and is susceptible to moisture, potentially leading to issues like efflorescence or mold if not sealed properly.
Is brick material better than concrete material in construction?
Concrete is generally more advantageous than brick in terms of convenience and speed of installation. Concrete’s versatility, quicker assembly options, and readily available materials make it a preferred choice for large-scale construction.
Why are bricks no longer used?
Although they are still used, it has declined due to several factors. Higher material and labor costs make brick masonry more expensive compared to concrete blocks and steel. The installation process is time-consuming and costly, leading to longer project timelines. The changes in building codes that favor energy-efficient and fire-resistant modern materials have shifted to other options. Finally, changing design trends often favor a more industrial aesthetic, contributing to the declining use of bricks in contemporary construction.
